The Power and Control wheel is a way of visually representing the tactics typically used by men who batter. By batter, we mean the ongoing pattern of violence, coercion, intimidation and abuse in an intimate relationship. The graphic was created in 1982 by Ellen Pence, Coral McDonnell, and Michael Paymar as part of a curriculum for a court ordered program for men who batter. It was developed out of the experiences of women who were battered and attending support and educational groups in the working-class town of Duluth, Minnesota.
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